Transit.



N0. 856,9'79. PATENTED JUNE Il, 1907..l

M. MUNZNBR. TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22,1906.

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No. 856,979. PATENTED JUNE l1, 1907.

M. MUNZNER. TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22,1966.

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No. 856,979. PATENTED JUNE ll, 1907.

M. MUNZNBR.

TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22, 1908.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

TRANSIT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1907.

Application filed June 22.1906. Serial No. 322,805.

To LI/ZZ whom, 7115 riz/(Ly concern:

Be it known that I,`i\flAx MUNZNER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Transits, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of transits on whichattachments are used for the performing of the different operations forwhich such instruments are made.

IIeretofore it has been necessary to carry and use dillerent attachmentsof weighty and cumbrous construction to perform the different operationswhich devolve upon the civil engineer, and in some cases it has beennecessary to carry more than one instrument, entailing extra trouble andexpense.

It is of the objects of my invention to provide an instrument which willwith the minimum number of attachments, enable an en gineer to performseveral operations.

It is of the objects of my invention to provide a transit which may beused as a common transit, or used with a top telescope, or used with asolar attachment, or with a side telescope.

It is further the object of my invention to provide an instrument whichmay be used in the several combinations hercinbefore set forth with asfew attachments as possible.

It is also the object of my invention to make the different parts of thetransit interchangeable for the purpose of reducing the number andweight of extra parts. This interchangeability also allows of the use ofthe powerful. main telescope for the auxiliary uses.

In the drawings :#Figure 1- is a right side elevation of my transit withthe telescope in the ordinary position as a main telescope. Fig. 2% is acentral vertical section on the line 2w2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3- is a centralvertical section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 with the telescope in the centralposition. Fig. 4wis a plan view with the telescope in the main position.Fig. 54 is a left side elevation with the telescope .in position as atop telescope. Fig. 6- is a central longitudinal section of a solarattachment with the telescope in place. Fig. 7- isa side elevation ofthe saine. Fig. 8.# is an elevation of a modiied form of solarattachment.

In the drawings 10 represents a telescope of ordinary construction thecasing of which is provided with a central squared portion 11 upon threesides of which are bearing rings 12 which serve, as will be hereafterexplained, to Inount the telesco )e on the diil'erent parts of theinstrument w iich are prepared for its reception, thereby enabling theperformance of di'll'erent functions. Concentric with rings 12 and inthe squared portion of the casing are holes 13 which are screw threadedfor the reception of threaded bolts 14 and 14. Bolt 14 is carried in anarm 15 projecting at right angles to the main axis 16, which axis ishollow. In. the main axis at the inner end of this arm 15 and on thevertical axis of the instrument is an annular recess 17 in which thebearing ring 12 of the telescope is adapted to lit. Bolt 14 extendsdownwardly through the length of arm 15 and has on its bottom end head1S which serves as a shoulder when the bolt is screwed tight into thetelescope. Bearings 19 are provided on the arm 15 on each side of theaxis to center the telescope in the proper position.

In the outer end of arm 15 is an annular recess 2O similar to the recess17 into which the bearing ring 12 of the telescope fits when it isdesired to use the telescope as a top telescope, as is best shown VinFig. 5. Bolt 14 is then used to clamp the telescope to the top end ofthe arm 15, the head of the bolt being at the inner end of the arm. Thehead of this bolt carries an extension with a counterweight 14 whichbalances the weight of the telescope.

Inside the main axis 1G and concentric therewith is a hollow secondaryaxis 21 which is constructed in two sections 21. and 21, extending oneach side of the central recess 22 which receives the telescope when itis in the main position. Section 21 of secondary axis 21 has an annularllange 23 upon its outer end upon which are mounted vernier 24 andtangent screw 25. Vernier 24 is clamped to the secondary axis by meansof thumb Init 26, and tangent screw 25 is clamped to the axis by meansof thumb Init 27. Outside the tangentI screw is nut 28 for the purposeof holding the vernier and tangent screw against longitudinal motion onthe secondary axis. Vertical circle 29 is mounted on the main axis 16 sothat vernier 24 will indicate the relative movement be- ICO tween themain axis and the secondary axis Aif so required. Tangent 25 is attachedby arm 25 to counter-weight 40 of bolt 36 so that vernier 24 may befinely adjusted thereby on the vertical circle 29.

On the right hand side of the main axis is mounted a tangent screw ofordinary construction which connects the main axis with the standards 31of the instrument. Section 21 of the secondary axis 21 is connected withthe main axis 16 through arm 21 which extends in the usual manner intotangent 32 which is clamped to section 21 by thumb nut 33. On the outerend of section 21 is an annular depression 34, similar to the annulardepressions heretofore described, which is adapted to receive one of theside rings 12 of the telescope. Secondary axis 21 has a longitudinalbore 35 to receive counterweighted bolt 36 which passes through thesecondary axis and has on its end the screw threaded portion 37 whichscrews into hole 13 on the telescope. Bolt36 has a shoulder 38, and bore35 is reduced in size where it passes through section 21, `so that, whenbolt 36 is screwed up tight into the telescope, shoulder 33 bearsagainst face 39 of section 31. Bolt 36 is provided with counterweight 40to balance the instrument when the telescope is secured to the end ofthe secondary axis and used as a side telescope, or as a solartelescope.

ln Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown a solar attachment 41 adapted to fit onthe end of the secondary axis. Arms 42 extending upwardly on attachment41 are suitably spaced to receive between them telescope 10 and havemounted in them screws 43 which screw into opposite holes 13 of thesquared portion of the telescope. Rings 12 bear against the inner faces44 of the arms 42 and shoulder 45 bears against surface 46 on thesquared portion of the telescope. Axis 47 extends downwardly from thearms 42 and fits into sleeve 48 being held in said sleeve by nut 49 andshoulder 47. Sleeve 43 is provided with an annular surface 50 and ascrew threaded hole 5 1 concentric therewith adapted to receive thescrew threaded end portion of bolt 36. l/Vhen the solar attachment ismounted on the side of the instrument in a manner similar to that inwhich the telescope is mounted on the side and telescope 10 is mountedbetween the arms 42, the telescope has a vertical movement on the'axisformed by the screws 43, a horizontal movement on axis 47, and avertical movement on the secondary axis of the instrument; in short allthe necessary movements of a solar.

In Fig. 8 I have'shown a modified form of solar attachment which fits onthe arm 15, having an axis 53 which rotates in the bore of the arm. Nut54 and shoulder 55 hold the axis against longitudinal movement. Thisform of solar may be used either with the arm 15 below or above the mainaxis as shown in Figs. 1 and 5 respectively.

When it is desired to use the telescope in the ordinary manner as maintelescope tan- Orent screw 3() is used in the ordinary manner for thefine adjustment. The readings are then taken on vernier 52 attached tothe frame of the instrument. When the telescope is used as a toptelescope the same tangent and vernier are used for adjustment andreading. When the telescope is used as a side `telescope tangent 32 isused for the fine adjustment between the secondary axis and the mainaxis. Vernier 24 is clamped to the secondary axis and adjusted to thevertical circle by means of tangent screw 25. Section 21 of thesecondary axis turns with section 21 as both are locked to bolt 36,motion being transferred along the secondary axis whereby verticalcircle 2Q moves with main axis 16 and vernier 24 moves with secondaryaxis 21 so that the relative movement between the main axis and thesecondary axis may be read on vernier 24. the solar attachment is usedthe adjustments are made in the same manner and the vertical readingsare accomplished on either-vernier.

It will thus be seen that by providing a telescope with a simpleattachment and providing the axes with recesses in different positionsadapted to receive the telescope I am enabled to use the same instrumentfor operations which would ordinarily require the use of separateinstruments. It will also be seen that this is accomplished without. theuse of any parts which are complicated and cumbersome and with the useof a minimum number of extra parts.

Having described my invention what I claim is 1. In a transit, a frame;a main axis mounted in the frame means for locking the main axis to theframe; a secondary axis concentrically mounted in the main axis; atelescope mounted on the secondary axis and means for indicating therelative movement between the two axes.

2. In a transit, a frame; an axis mounted in the frame a recess in theaxis; a telescope; having an internally screw threaded socket in thecasing thereof, the surface around the socket forming a bearing abearing for the telescope on the axis; a bolt in the axis adapted toscrew into the socket of the telescope.

3. In a transit, a frame an axis having a recess therein mounted in theframe; an arm on the axis below the recess 5 a telescope having abearing surface adapted to fit in the recess ;v a bolt in the armadapted to hold the telescope secured to the arm.

4. In a transit, a frame a main axis mounted in the frame, a secondaryaxis concentrically mounted inside the main axis 5 a When TOO

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telescope; and means to secure the telescope to the secondary axis.

5. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; a secondaryaxis concentrically mounted in the main axis; a bearing surface on thesecondary axis; a telescope; a bearing surface on the telescope adaptedto fit the bearing surface on the secondary axis; and a bolt in thesecondary axis adapted to hold the two bearing surfaces together..

6. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; a secondaryaxis concentrically mounted in the main axis; a telescope mounted on oneend of the secondary axis; and a counter-weight mounted on the other endof said secondary axis.

7. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; a secondaryaxis concentrically mounted in the main axis; a telescope mounted on thesecondary axis; and means for indicating the relative movements betweenthe two axes.

8. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; means forindicating the relative movement between the main axis and the frame; asecondary axis mounted concentric to the main axis; means forindicatingthe relative movement between the secondary and main axes; atelescope mounted on the secondary axis.

9. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; means for indicating the relativemovement between the main axis and the frame; a sccondary axis; meansfor indicating the relative movement between the main and secondaryaxes; a plurality of bearing surfaces on the axes; a telescope having aplurality of bearing surfaces; and means for securing a bearing surfaceof the telescope against a bearing surface of the axes.

10. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; means for indicating therelative movement between the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis;means forindicating the relative movement between the main and secondaryaxes; a plurality of bearing surfaces on the axes; a telescope; aplurality of bearing surfaces on the telescope; means Vfor securing abearing surface of the telescope against a bearing surface of the axes;and counter-weights adapted to balance the weight of the telescope.

11. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; means for indicating therelative movement between the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis;means forindicating the relative movement between the secondary and mainaxes; a bearing surface in the end of the secondary axis; a transverseaxis; a bearing sleeve for the transverse axis; a telescope on thetransverse axis; a bearing surface on the bearing sleeve; and means 'forholding the bearing surface of the sleeve and the bearing surface of thesecondary axis together in alinement.

12. In a transit', a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; means forindicating the relative movement between, and for locking together themain axis and the frame; a secondary axis concentrically mounted in themain axis; means for indicating the relative movement between and 'forlocking together the two axes; bearing surfaces on the main axis; abearing surface on the secondary axis; a telescope having a plurality ofbearing surfaces adapted to lit into the bearing surfaces in the axes;counter\\'eigl1ted bolts in the axes and attached to the telescope tohold the same in alinement.

13. In a transit, a main axis provided with an arm extending at rightangles thereto, said axis and arm having bearing recesses therein; and atelescope having a plurality of bearing lugs adapted to fit into therecesses in the axis and arm.

14. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; a secondary axis concentric tothe main axis; and means for indicating the relative movement betweenthe secondary axis and the frame.

15. In a transit; a frame; a main axis; means for indicating therelative movement between the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis;means for indicating the relative movement between the secondary andmain axis; a bearing surface in the end ofthe secondary axis; a solarattachment secured to the bearing surface on the secondary axis.

16. In a transit, a frame; a main axis having a bearing recess therein;a solar attachment adapted to receive the main telescope; a maintelescope on the solar attachment; a bearing surface on the solarattachment; and means for holding the two bearing surfaces together anda counter-weight to the solar attachment.

17. In a transit; a frame; a main axis; a perpendicular arm on the mainaxis; a solar attachment; a telescope on the solai' attachment; andmeans for securing the solar attachment to either end of theperpendicular arm.

1S. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; a perpendicular arm on the mainaxis having a longitudinal bore therein; a solar attachment; an axis onthe solar attachment adapted to fit in the bore in the perpendiculararm; and means for reversibly securing the axis in the bore.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my namethis 14th day of June, 1906.

MAX MUNZNER.

IVitnesses:

'lniMBLn BARKELEW, EnMUNn A. S'rRAUsE.

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